FAQs

A person who apprehends arrest in connection with a criminal complaint, an FIR, or an ongoing investigation may consider obtaining legal advice to understand the remedies available under law. The criminal litigation practice of the firm includes representation in anticipatory bail proceedings before the competent courts in matters arising under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 (NDPS Act), the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 (POCSO Act), the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988, the Information Technology Act, 2000, offences relating to cheating, criminal breach of trust, forgery, economic offences, matrimonial disputes, offences against women, and other criminal prosecutions. The legal remedy available in any case depends upon the allegations, the stage of investigation, and the applicable statutory provisions.

Regular bail applications may be pursued before the competent criminal court depending upon the nature of the offence, the stage of the proceedings, and the statutory framework governing the case. The firm's criminal litigation practice includes representation in regular bail proceedings before Trial Courts, Sessions Courts, and the Punjab & Haryana High Court in matters involving offences under the BNS, NDPS Act, POCSO Act, cheating and fraud, cybercrime, financial and economic offences, offences against property, offences against the human body, and other criminal prosecutions. The legal strategy in every matter is determined after examining the facts, the investigation record, and the applicable legal principles.

Depending upon the facts of the case and the applicable legal principles, criminal proceedings or an FIR may, in appropriate circumstances, be challenged before the High Court. The firm's criminal litigation practice includes representation in petitions seeking quashing of FIRs and criminal proceedings arising from matrimonial disputes, commercial transactions, allegations of cheating, criminal breach of trust, compromise settlements, cheque dishonour proceedings, cross-version cases, cyber offences, abuse of criminal process, and other matters where such relief is legally maintainable. Whether such a remedy is available depends upon the facts of the individual case, the statutory framework, and the judicial principles governing the exercise of the High Court's jurisdiction.

The criminal litigation practice includes matters arising under various special enactments, including the NDPS Act, POCSO Act, Prevention of Corruption Act, Information Technology Act, Arms Act, Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA), Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, and other statutes governing criminal offences. Representation may also extend to proceedings before investigating agencies, appellate courts, and constitutional courts, wherever permissible in law and depending upon the nature of the proceedings.

Yes. The criminal litigation practice extends to representation at various stages of criminal proceedings, including investigation-related applications, discharge applications, framing of charges, trial proceedings, cross-examination, criminal appeals, criminal revisions, suspension of sentence, petitions before the High Court, and other proceedings arising under criminal law. The practice encompasses matters relating to homicide, offences against women and children, narcotics offences, cybercrime, economic offences, corruption matters, white-collar crime, property offences, and prosecutions under various special statutes, subject to the facts and applicable law in each case.

The legal remedy available in a criminal matter depends upon the facts of the case, the stage of the proceedings, the documents available, and the applicable statutory provisions. Relevant documents such as the FIR, complaint, notice issued by the investigating agency, arrest memo, chargesheet, orders passed by the court, or any other material connected with the proceedings may assist in understanding the legal issues involved. Criminal proceedings differ significantly from case to case, and the course of action can only be determined after examining the relevant facts and the applicable law.

Arbitration is a recognised mechanism for resolving commercial disputes where the parties have agreed to refer their disputes to arbitration under the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996. The firm's dispute resolution practice includes representation in matters arising from construction and infrastructure contracts, shareholders' agreements, joint venture arrangements, supply and distribution agreements, franchise agreements, manufacturing and service contracts, technology and software agreements, consultancy agreements, real estate and infrastructure projects, partnership disputes, commercial lease disputes, and other business transactions. Whether a dispute is capable of being referred to arbitration depends upon the terms of the agreement and the applicable law.

The appropriate forum for resolving a commercial dispute depends upon the contractual arrangement between the parties, the nature of the dispute, and the relief sought. The firm's commercial dispute resolution practice encompasses proceedings under the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996, commercial suits before Commercial Courts, applications relating to interim measures, appointment of arbitrators, challenges to arbitral awards, enforcement proceedings, and other remedies available under commercial law. The suitability of arbitration is determined after examining the contractual documentation and the governing legal framework.

The firm's arbitration practice includes representation in domestic commercial arbitration and matters connected with international commercial arbitration, subject to the applicable jurisdiction and governing law. The practice extends to arbitration arising from cross-border commercial transactions, infrastructure and engineering contracts, EPC contracts, international supply agreements, technology licensing arrangements, foreign investment transactions, shareholder disputes, and other commercial relationships. Representation may include proceedings before arbitral tribunals and applications before the competent courts wherever required under law.

Commercial dispute resolution often extends beyond arbitral proceedings and may involve drafting and review of arbitration clauses, commercial contracts, shareholders' agreements, vendor and supply agreements, service agreements, construction contracts, confidentiality agreements, settlement agreements, and other business documentation intended to minimise the risk of future disputes. Depending upon the facts of a particular matter, proceedings may also involve recovery of contractual dues, interim injunctions, enforcement of contractual obligations, execution of arbitral awards, and related proceedings before Commercial Courts or the High Court. The legal remedy available in each case depends upon the contractual terms, the nature of the dispute, and the applicable statutory provisions.

A Builder Buyer Agreement (BBA) governs the contractual relationship between the allottee and the promoter and often determines the rights and obligations of both parties. Legal advice may be appropriate where disputes arise concerning possession timelines, payment schedules, super area calculations, escalation charges, cancellation clauses, force majeure provisions, maintenance obligations, conveyance, or other contractual terms. The firm's real estate litigation practice includes representation in disputes arising from Builder Buyer Agreements before the Haryana Real Estate Regulatory Authority (HRERA), the Punjab Real Estate Regulatory Authority (Punjab RERA), the respective Real Estate Appellate Tribunals, the Punjab & Haryana High Court, Consumer Commissions, and other competent forums, depending upon the facts and applicable law.

Where possession of a project is delayed or construction remains incomplete beyond the contractual or statutory timelines, the remedies available depend upon the terms of the Builder Buyer Agreement, the provisions of the Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016, and the facts of the individual case. The firm's real estate litigation practice includes matters relating to delayed possession, stalled and incomplete projects, failure to obtain statutory approvals, non-execution of conveyance deeds, delay compensation, deficiency in services, and enforcement of statutory obligations before Punjab RERA, Haryana RERA, the Real Estate Appellate Tribunals, the Punjab & Haryana High Court, and other competent forums wherever the facts and applicable law so require.

Disputes sometimes arise where an allotment or Builder Buyer Agreement is cancelled on account of alleged payment defaults, contractual breaches, or other reasons. Whether such cancellation is legally sustainable depends upon the contractual terms, the conduct of the parties, compliance with the provisions of the Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016, and the applicable legal principles. The firm's practice includes representation in disputes relating to cancellation of allotments, forfeiture of booking amounts, termination of Builder Buyer Agreements, restoration of allotments, contractual disputes, and appellate or writ proceedings before the Real Estate Appellate Tribunals and the Punjab & Haryana High Court, wherever maintainable in law.

The availability of a refund, interest, or compensation depends upon the facts of each case, the contractual arrangements between the parties, and the provisions of the Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016. The firm's real estate litigation practice includes matters concerning refund claims, delayed possession, failure to deliver possession, misrepresentation, structural defects, deviation from sanctioned plans, breach of contractual obligations, defective construction, and non-compliance with statutory obligations by promoters. Such matters may involve proceedings before Punjab RERA, Haryana RERA, the Real Estate Appellate Tribunals, the Punjab & Haryana High Court, and other competent forums, depending upon the nature of the dispute.

Disputes may arise where a promoter makes changes to the sanctioned plans, layout, common areas, amenities, specifications, or the overall scope of the project after allotment. Whether such modifications are legally permissible depends upon the terms of the Builder Buyer Agreement, the provisions of the Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016, the approvals granted by the competent authorities, and the facts of the individual case. The firm's real estate litigation practice includes representation in matters concerning unauthorised alterations, reduction in promised amenities, super area disputes, structural modifications, and enforcement of statutory rights before the regulatory authorities, appellate forums, and constitutional courts, wherever appropriate.

The legal consequences of an offer of possession depend upon whether the project complies with the applicable statutory requirements and the contractual obligations undertaken by the promoter. The firm's practice includes matters relating to Occupation Certificates, Completion Certificates, conveyance of common areas, development of essential infrastructure, execution of conveyance deeds, provision of promised amenities, and compliance with statutory obligations under the Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016. Such disputes may be pursued before Punjab RERA, Haryana RERA, the Real Estate Appellate Tribunals, or the Punjab & Haryana High Court, depending upon the relief sought and the facts of the case.

The applicability of remedies under the Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016 depends upon the nature of the allotment, the contractual relationship, and the facts of the individual case. The firm's practice extends to disputes involving residential and commercial units, investors, joint allottees, commercial developers, and business entities in matters concerning delayed possession, refund claims, cancellation of allotments, breach of contractual obligations, defective construction, and enforcement of rights arising under the Builder Buyer Agreement. Representation extends to proceedings before Punjab RERA, Haryana RERA, the respective Real Estate Appellate Tribunals, and the Punjab & Haryana High Court, wherever the statutory framework permits.